ʻO kēia hou, ua hōʻoia ʻia ka palakika ua loaʻa ma nā wahi āpau ma ke kai. I ka luʻu ʻana i lalo o ka Mariana Trench, kahi i ʻōlelo ʻia ua hiki i 35,849 kapuaʻi, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Victor Vescovo, he kanaka kālepa ma Dallas, ua loaʻa iā ia kahi ʻeke palakika. ʻAʻole kēia ka manawa mua: ʻo ke kolu kēia o ka manawa i loaʻa ai ka palakika ma ka hohonu loa o ke kai.
Ua luʻu ʻo Vescovo i loko o kahi ʻauʻau wai ma ʻApelila 28 ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o kāna huakaʻi "ʻElima Hohonu", kahi e komo pū ana me kahi huakaʻi i nā wahi hohonu loa o nā moana o ka honua. I loko o nā hola ʻehā o Vescovo ma lalo o ka Mariana Trench, ua nānā ʻo ia i kekahi mau ʻano ola kai, ʻo kekahi o ia mau mea he ʻano hou paha - he ʻeke plastik a me nā ʻōwili lole.
He kakaikahi ka poʻe i hiki i ia ʻano hohonu loa. ʻO ka ʻenekinia Swiss ʻo Jacques Piccard lāua ʻo Lieutenant Don Walsh o ka US Navy nā mea mua i ka makahiki 1960. Ua piholo ka mea ʻimi honua a me ka mea hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni ʻo National Geographic ʻo James Cameron i lalo o ke kai i ka makahiki 2012. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻo Cameron i kahi luʻu i ka hohonu o 35,787 kapuaʻi, kokoke i ka 62 kapuaʻi a Vescovo i ʻōlelo ai ua hiki.
ʻAʻole e like me ke kanaka, hāʻule maʻalahi ka palaki. Ma mua o kēia makahiki, ua laʻana kekahi noiʻi i nā amphipods mai nā ʻauwaha kai hohonu ʻeono, me nā Marianas, a ua ʻike ʻia ua ʻai lākou a pau i nā microplastics.
Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma kahi noiʻi i paʻi ʻia i ʻOkakopa 2018 ka palakika hohonu loa i ʻike ʻia - he ʻeke kūʻai palupalu - i loaʻa i 36,000 kapuaʻi ka hohonu ma ka Mariana Trench. Ua ʻike nā kānaka ʻepekema ma ka nānā ʻana i ka Deep Sea Debris Database, nona nā kiʻi a me nā wikiō o 5,010 luʻu ʻana i nā makahiki 30 i hala.
ʻO ka palakika ka mea maʻamau o nā ʻōpala palakika i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka waihona ʻikepili, ʻo ka palakika ka mea maʻamau, ʻo nā ʻeke palakika ke kumu nui loa o nā ʻōpala palakika. ʻO nā ʻōpala ʻē aʻe mai nā mea e like me ka laholio, ka metala, ka lāʻau a me ka lole.
A hiki i ka 89% o nā palakiko i loko o ke aʻo ʻana he hoʻokahi wale nō hoʻohana ʻia, ʻo ia hoʻi nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia hoʻokahi manawa a laila hoʻolei ʻia aku, e like me nā ʻōmole wai palakiko a i ʻole nā mea ʻai hoʻolei ʻia.
ʻAʻole he lua ʻeleʻele make ʻole ka Mariana Trench, he nui nā kamaʻāina. Ua ʻimi ka NOAA Okeanos Explorer i nā hohonu o ka ʻāina i ka makahiki 2016 a ua ʻike i nā ʻano ola like ʻole, me nā ʻano e like me nā korale, nā iʻa ʻūlū a me nā heʻe. Ua ʻike pū ka noiʻi 2018 he 17 pakeneka o nā kiʻi plastik i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka waihona ʻikepili i hōʻike i kekahi ʻano pilina me ke ola kai, e like me nā holoholona e hihia ana i loko o nā ʻōpala.
Ua laha nā mea palaki hoʻokahi hoʻohana ma nā wahi āpau a hiki ke hala i nā haneli mau makahiki a ʻoi aku paha e palaho ai i loko o ka nahelehele. Wahi a kahi noiʻi i Pepeluali 2017, ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o nā pae haumia ma ka Mariana Trench ma kekahi mau wahi ma mua o kekahi o nā muliwai haumia loa o Kina. Manaʻo nā mea kākau o ke noiʻi e hiki mai ana nā mea haumia kemika i loko o nā ʻauwaha mai ka palaki i loko o ke kolamu wai.
Loaʻa i nā ilo Tube (ʻulaʻula), puhi a me ka pāpaʻi jockey kahi kokoke i kahi puka wai hydrothermal. (E aʻo e pili ana i nā holoholona ʻē o nā puka wai hydrothermal hohonu loa o ka Pākīpika.)
ʻOiai hiki i ka palaki ke komo pololei i ke kai, e like me nā ʻōpala i puhi ʻia mai nā kahakai a i ʻole i hoʻolei ʻia mai nā waʻa, ua ʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi i paʻi ʻia i ka makahiki 2017 ua komo ka hapa nui o ia mea i ke kai mai 10 mau muliwai e kahe ana ma waena o nā wahi noho kanaka.
ʻO nā lako lawaiʻa i haʻalele ʻia kekahi kumu nui o ka haumia plastik, me kahi noiʻi i paʻi ʻia i Malaki 2018 e hōʻike ana ʻo ka mea hana i ka hapa nui o ka Great Pacific Garbage Patch e lana ana ma waena o Hawaiʻi a me Kaleponi.
ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka nui o ka palaki ma ke kai ma mua o ka ʻeke palaki hoʻokahi, ua ulu ka mea mai kahi hoʻohālikelike ʻano ʻole no ka makani i kahi laʻana o ka nui o ka hopena o ke kanaka i ka honua.
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Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-30-2022